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They claim to make profits by addressing and solving social problems, but they need help from big business. The Scottish economist Adam Smith wrote famously of the "invisible hand" that orders chaotic and unrestrained markets creating a balance between supply and demand. Companies, Smith thought, would only have to look to their own interest. Competition among these "selfish" businesses would finally benefit society as a whole by keeping prices low, while providing necessary goods and services. However, and this is less well known, Smith was also a moral philosopher, who claimed that sympathy was required to achieve socially beneficial results. Economists call this contradiction the "Adam Smith Problem." Despite its age, the contradiction is still relevant for a world where billions of people do not have access to basic health and financial services. Bringing Mainstream Business into Action Entrepreneurs like the Nobel Prize laureate Muhammad Yunus of Grameen Bank try to bridge the gap between morals and profits. They invest in services and regions that have been shunned by mainstream businesses because of high risks, political instability, and poor return on investment. Once their initial investments are successful and new markets develop, mainstream businesses join the game. Only then does Smith ’ s "invisible hand" start to act. Related Articles Grameen Bank and Their (Nobel-winning) Approach to Microfinance & Women Big Goals, Big Markets: Microfinance and Private-Public Partnerships in the Developing World Microloans and Microcredits as granted by Grameen Bank since 1976 have now become a nine billion dollar market. Banks and insurers like Allianz are entering this market that has long been the domain of NGOs and other non-profit organizations. Their investments and experience make services cheaper and more accessible. A new report published by Sustainability Ltd and the Skoll Foundation highlights social entrepreneurship 0x[lEݡ^* iFLl]#BBLEk@T RM+z *@j\dYFkc`CH!FKg;ٔG m9gΜ93y""YDROw8"DdK˥mOCI>^Q SNCK_OJS8>ˏ}ahmG:lу1 6kwom6GYgL2+?髍g3ӨMe5hzu8Cfc:#*=a鷦JLb?ZTʹ\Y^s5 52R)~`Υ6,33ڶd&}/iW+u2O@:AD:8;{AH񸶯7ǀ\mwhM``~KǸ˴`mt0>}c 0~Ʋnۥ>Y7T6@}bpeR]WkoU``^ ABdGkd\yvJmVPs*. s쓡];㰦P/֑~>g݇X;u0iK}#.e=hB221+̚h#] }g{p' en&qOX{J3=5*Mu,G\'k Fr/?Nu@G$:$ g`!4S Vd{eq]ddۙj﫳J\vx]nmnr3}ƺZܨOf>nbfm=%fv|=_[ߩΩM<7>|gcLؓ/;Y[.˗6T~\+뼏W^ x*UVk_w^^ x*US4X Microsoft Office Document Image Writer 11.03.1897.00 2007:07:20 16:07:12       (16.2// 0:p1*X{.xZ \տ*.W2" htƨievdwgY hVFۚW[6ÈhFM}4_[?;:pgܹs9jcsQ!줾1Ϙ1.#w4cv"|B GznǸ]5FchR򘓉\C;](4tu;탇VHo]g7o:^D^w >gY:\/ڀK DSf@IF @P/*qVʥ܈b^5LѪ~u5l si7|Ӻj'c" Jp},1fc˧4Vro_W~oA՞:7r,ov-ƒ5}c;N-:}~_>Т_}<([hQp86,T++:~įPL ~5 -'c*9MӶq/gumLG@Lņ&dۓY ~\{hk-*OVG(T#822H"o2.p v)[DH"p.ƻ._p;8;mdMgN)) j=(:^AFiKr8.UZs["oT, V[EY.6DbBD&@`N*w%̓lkrRI ߵU,g2W)8!vrϛrc[Y"-`;-s\ʠ{*+no3X,:lK lbX&(\ƒVʌ}P쒓8#g/t*KZsLUR&o%"*Xx3Qa9<"3) ,(@j ‡aIؖFU7V^xNAxgEp\ 2ĻGnNkhJeLhxbp6-\ě̀H,P \,\ɲjѥ&4NrNei ima)n~DLh+IqS#p }≛Oe G< Ch-p8,,NQՎ9S}Ys2W,9!M$9Ea3EsfVAg\$2^T`f*n-_d^Qص\AE2W&U0w[9WC\Qel86KDqrAkbE*~W.]pbxh T0I]QPQUW eI;U̗cW+J-OL_k ND.(sR$ԏC.! sl<̮5A"A/ϙŒj$6 _" V3iw%Vqۑjn]uL4VDx:9ӁoC w))t$ٕNT2_ Ol&+eI/ GTxN)/p0ycPJыƓZQg胇^>xhe\—HJNR2PJ@&^&mBrA2?_c~mmǨ!(e_(:+$6!"Inl* `U6܎`wIaW<EJi-VǢ%_t2[ >`{@I\ wa.l !sSm07\|/)d>.2>Z[#UI_X}t8;DKep[LWGڎ#>\_ʑೖB]Q`vA0Q7#3zJaB VNa8 , b-<E?/yfst"_%si' d 1y,..)A mpnutc1"eb b]JUd_ۋKTW`Nm}%@H( 5k9)НP!kjl(*]e4h_Nl&( ҡЛXKHԶ8NΓ{ ,„|[.hxֵ~!?n Wԑ\L_2;|Q@RB%+J`(JWy%lbDES/f&L!yxի@qbE-qЏ2;E-EGDMp̉C80ya-JƔhKzi :/˨sj5MGl7V0W3O5> BPwXi{Kͩa=>9R~`3}o1M ZI⸋+)IqCyvg#"C?+xW_. gLús,7+!ԪBCzt!N^|~%!Oa\w5 }cփXׂmlbbD}@6fAnԎ)]GӮ,- {WcҔ*u0:%Y)[J& skO6oLɕC 357nOK)+_rݯzv~\݉CӻkC /Ӈ(;S{_+Yi^Q2]uafYߺo>9’3 1{C{Lhy\lӮ}L&MMɒ;f։O^ȟ]1 "6l_>Vn_\Mhֺ͝j{  Eg '#mΚWKX;{#kl[o}߷'w m|FȠnY_/(u fgRK{vz'5vMT7",W7ebs 4E~b|5kvh6 lqQ\`7_~Vu1wH 9(򊾩`gqE;IoDrWOht_~Jmꊗ5uY'g 1vW\=~3h_=YsҏZ"X֎v'FD4FdfsڃMuĘ%췩 wA?Hq>Afw %+Zּ.ͻ6qn2l㚩ia?I/I?\q\Ma3ݙ1~Ew1֧xii'd~rV3⩱{弱`}ڑ/;qpg ްƲȋ[=tW=mnkk"V 2&>TԋE6b_!NCc_思f_뚽"dEDG4wI5Y|ƸLp;br5Wo6qjrs&v_寯_훎M"Grl+B55}}lo[X9cK>xtwΩȉ_^?H'G:ƻds4'ق+GBUD, =:$eG\پ?#Y㷽D-5n+[u~Ձ΅okvMQό̚V<2d{]ފMcWNyOae g4h3{/oH];˜Ld4m%z#?$46o["q&lS9|d^Xgp|kĆau? yLkszX|wLԦE.]z?W_K3;0F6XV,0v^_aՎC ;3wŢY׺98m%ƬNIGqS=s?\cL_EdIwv;ɡqbXP`~sh·]]8]3˖Ys1 }zaZOVζഹsL=:/cnv/mQ $mZvI2&yZ϶ˋV%hB~ڭfE>.o.F'kq}\Wllz篓m{h,!+nMvl@nQ+ kbǜ pwn8 t4b+SSU`*s,/{NttPEHFWKTU\<;YqjTqkaM;*g77%..ԏdi5N8xin,5wHdooCiGS-20Ӌ5n4הcuX_aDjŁ2H@9<&>j|j3 ,xy#|APS9X_HH.S7 ɍ{t8"-4VMVuȄ-Ҏ~,,_ Social Entrepreneurship: The Ultimate Return On Investment | Micro... http://knowledge.allianz.com/en/globalissues/microfinance/microfina... 2 of 3 20.07.2007 16:06 However, the struggle and hard work behind such a success story often remains hidden. In a study called "Growing Opportunity: Entrepreneurial Solutions to Insoluble Problems" – another reference to Smith's contradiction – published by Sustainability Ltd and the Skoll Foundation, social entrepreneurs like Yunus were asked about the problems they encounter. Out of 100 interviewees, 72 percent said access to capital was still their primary challenge; 41 percent said they struggled to promote and market their organizations and projects. A number of entrepreneurs also said they had problems finding talented professionals. The researchers found that interviewees were keen to work with businesses to address these problems. Entrepreneurship - not Philanthropy The findings correspond to a recent trend in development networks that Sally Osberg, president of the Skoll Foundation, calls the "Mindset 3.0." More and more NGOs and non-profit organizations try to link sustainable work to profitability and business growth, because they realize that this is the way to obtain the size and scope to really make a difference in their field of activity. "After all, social entrepreneurs are entrepreneurs first and foremost," says Osberg. "It ’ s just that their value propositions target neglected, disadvantaged or suffering segments of society." Recent trends seem positive. The proportion of social entrepreneurs that expect to be funding their own operations with little or no dependence on grants within the next five years jumped from 8 percent to 28 percent, researchers say. One of the key findings of the "Growing Opportunity" study is that to address the marginalized and their needs, social entrepreneurs need support from mainstream businesses. But this does not have to be a one-sided deal, says Chris Elias, president of PATH (Program for Appropriate Technology in Health), a non-profit organization that provides health solutions for poor communities. "Combating socio-economic problems across the world is easier for a more nimble organization that can gain access to markets that a more established corporation may not be welcome to enter," says Elias. "However, to increase our programs ’ scope and scale requires skill sets and finances that many entrepreneurs don ’ t have, but businesses do." The partnership between Allianz, the German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ), and the Indonesian NGO Dian Mandiri is a good The Treatment Gap Three diseases, HIV/AIDS, TB, and Malaria, disproportionately impact mortality and morbidity rates. 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