How Brazil Reacts to Climate Change
Rio: Birthplace of the UNFCCC (1/13)
View of Rio de Janeiro above Corcovado mountain, where WWF erected a giant water faucet on World Environment Day in 2005. In 1992, Rio was the site of the landmark United Nations Earth Summit that helped put the problem of global warming on the international agenda. It was at this conference that over a hundred nations agreed to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), a treaty aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
(Photo: Reuters)
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Rio: Birthplace of the UNFCCC (1/13)
View of Rio de Janeiro above Corcovado mountain, where WWF erected a giant water faucet on World Environment Day in 2005. In 1992, Rio was the site of the landmark United Nations Earth Summit that helped put the problem of global warming on the international agenda. It was at this conference that over a hundred nations agreed to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), a treaty aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
(Photo: Reuters)
How Brazil Reacts to Climate Change
Drought (2/13)
A worker cleans up garbage left behind by the receding waters in an Amazon trubutary in Manaus, Amazonas during the October 2005 drought. The drought was the worst the worst dry spell in the country in decades, causing water shortages, devastating forest fires, and rivers to recede to record lows. The most recent UN climate assessment singled out northeastern Brazil as particularly susceptible to more such droughts if global warming continues. (Photo: Reuters)
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Drought (2/13)
A worker cleans up garbage left behind by the receding waters in an Amazon trubutary in Manaus, Amazonas during the October 2005 drought. The drought was the worst the worst dry spell in the country in decades, causing water shortages, devastating forest fires, and rivers to recede to record lows. The most recent UN climate assessment singled out northeastern Brazil as particularly susceptible to more such droughts if global warming continues. (Photo: Reuters)
How Brazil Reacts to Climate Change
Drought (3/13)
A combination photograph shows the full force of Brazil's famous Iguazu Falls during the wet season in January 2004 (top), and the falls reduced to a trickle in July 2006 during a drought. Declining river flows could also affect Brazil’s hydroelectric sector, which produces over 80 percent of the country’s electricity. (Photo: Reuters)
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Drought (3/13)
A combination photograph shows the full force of Brazil's famous Iguazu Falls during the wet season in January 2004 (top), and the falls reduced to a trickle in July 2006 during a drought. Declining river flows could also affect Brazil’s hydroelectric sector, which produces over 80 percent of the country’s electricity. (Photo: Reuters)
How Brazil Reacts to Climate Change
Dengue Fever (4/13)
A public health service truck retrofitted with a spraying device in downtown Rio de Janeiro spraying to combat a dengue fever outbreak in 2002. Rising temperatures could expand the habitats of insects that carry diseases like malaria and dengue fever into the typically cooler southern parts of the country. Over 85,000 cases of dengue fever were reported in southwestern Brazil in early 2007, a 30-percent increase from the previous year.
(Photo: Reuters)
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Dengue Fever (4/13)
A public health service truck retrofitted with a spraying device in downtown Rio de Janeiro spraying to combat a dengue fever outbreak in 2002. Rising temperatures could expand the habitats of insects that carry diseases like malaria and dengue fever into the typically cooler southern parts of the country. Over 85,000 cases of dengue fever were reported in southwestern Brazil in early 2007, a 30-percent increase from the previous year.
(Photo: Reuters)
How Brazil Reacts to Climate Change
Hydroelectric Power (5/13)
Aerial view of Itaipu Dam on the Parana river, along the border of Paraguay in Southern Brazil. Prior to the construction of China's Three Gorges Dam, Itaipu was the world's largest hydroelectric generator. Itaipu's 18 turbines pumped out 93.4 million megawatts of power in 2000 - enough to keep all of Brazil lit for three months. Brazil's 450 hydroelectric dams produce over 80 percent of the country's electricity.(Photo: Reuters)
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Hydroelectric Power (5/13)
Aerial view of Itaipu Dam on the Parana river, along the border of Paraguay in Southern Brazil. Prior to the construction of China's Three Gorges Dam, Itaipu was the world's largest hydroelectric generator. Itaipu's 18 turbines pumped out 93.4 million megawatts of power in 2000 - enough to keep all of Brazil lit for three months. Brazil's 450 hydroelectric dams produce over 80 percent of the country's electricity.(Photo: Reuters)
How Brazil Reacts to Climate Change
Agricultural Production (6/13)
Soybean crops are loaded onto a truck after being collected in the central Brazilian state of Mato Grosso. Brazil currently exports over 8 billion dollars worth of soy products each year. Researchers now say global warming could cut into annual national soybean harvests by up to 60 percent. Other economically important crops, such as coffee and corn, would also suffer from a hotter climate. In the long term, none of Brazil’s crops are expected to benefit from global warming. (Photo: Reuters)
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Agricultural Production (6/13)
Soybean crops are loaded onto a truck after being collected in the central Brazilian state of Mato Grosso. Brazil currently exports over 8 billion dollars worth of soy products each year. Researchers now say global warming could cut into annual national soybean harvests by up to 60 percent. Other economically important crops, such as coffee and corn, would also suffer from a hotter climate. In the long term, none of Brazil’s crops are expected to benefit from global warming. (Photo: Reuters)
How Brazil Reacts to Climate Change
Ecosystems and Biodiversity (7/13)
Brazil's tropical wetland area, known as the Pantanal, is home to 35 million alligators and numerous species of birds and reptiles. Pantanal is the world's largest freshwater wetland, and is threatened by flooding from both man-made development and global warming. (Photo: Reuters)
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Ecosystems and Biodiversity (7/13)
Brazil's tropical wetland area, known as the Pantanal, is home to 35 million alligators and numerous species of birds and reptiles. Pantanal is the world's largest freshwater wetland, and is threatened by flooding from both man-made development and global warming. (Photo: Reuters)
How Brazil Reacts to Climate Change
Deforestation (8/13)
Amazon forest burning in the state of Mato Grosso in 2005. Over 18,000 square kilometers of rainforest was destroyed in 2004-05 to make way for cattle pastures, soybean farms, or other forms of land use. Researchers have found that deforestation impacts rainfall and climate patterns in both the Amazon and elsewhere in Brazil. Slashing and burning rainforests also releases massive amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and represents up to 75 percent of Brazil’s total greenhouse gas emissions.(Photo: Reuters)
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Deforestation (8/13)
Amazon forest burning in the state of Mato Grosso in 2005. Over 18,000 square kilometers of rainforest was destroyed in 2004-05 to make way for cattle pastures, soybean farms, or other forms of land use. Researchers have found that deforestation impacts rainfall and climate patterns in both the Amazon and elsewhere in Brazil. Slashing and burning rainforests also releases massive amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and represents up to 75 percent of Brazil’s total greenhouse gas emissions.(Photo: Reuters)
How Brazil Reacts to Climate Change
Slowing Deforestation (9/13)
Brazil's Environment Minister Marina Silva speaks during a news conference in August 2005. Silva has helped spearhead government intervention to slow deforestation rates in the Brazilian Amazon. According to government sources, deforestation rates have already declined by around half since 2004. Brazil’s government credits policy measures and crackdowns on illegal logging; others cite falling prices of soy and commodities that are often planted on deforested land. (Photo: Reuters)
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Slowing Deforestation (9/13)
Brazil's Environment Minister Marina Silva speaks during a news conference in August 2005. Silva has helped spearhead government intervention to slow deforestation rates in the Brazilian Amazon. According to government sources, deforestation rates have already declined by around half since 2004. Brazil’s government credits policy measures and crackdowns on illegal logging; others cite falling prices of soy and commodities that are often planted on deforested land. (Photo: Reuters)
How Brazil Reacts to Climate Change
Expanding Infrastructure (10/13)
Workers use heavy machinery during the construction of the Interoceanic Highway in the Amazon jungle in May 2007. The highway will connect the Pacific Ocean in Peru with the Atlantic Ocean in Brazil, but environmentalists fear that waves of settlement and deforestation could follow. (Photo: Reuters)
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Expanding Infrastructure (10/13)
Workers use heavy machinery during the construction of the Interoceanic Highway in the Amazon jungle in May 2007. The highway will connect the Pacific Ocean in Peru with the Atlantic Ocean in Brazil, but environmentalists fear that waves of settlement and deforestation could follow. (Photo: Reuters)
How Brazil Reacts to Climate Change
Ethanol (11/13)
A truck is loaded with sugarcane northeast of Sao Paulo in April 2007. Brazil is the world’s biggest exporter of sugarcane-based ethanol fuel. The Brazilian government plans to triple the amount of ethanol it exports every year from around 3 billion to 10 billion liters by 2015. (Photo: Reuters)
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Ethanol (11/13)
A truck is loaded with sugarcane northeast of Sao Paulo in April 2007. Brazil is the world’s biggest exporter of sugarcane-based ethanol fuel. The Brazilian government plans to triple the amount of ethanol it exports every year from around 3 billion to 10 billion liters by 2015. (Photo: Reuters)
How Brazil Reacts to Climate Change
Ethanol and Biofuels (12/13)
U.S. President George W. Bush tours the Petrobras alternative fuel facility with Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in Sao Paulo in March 2007. Foreign consumption of ethanol fuel is expected to increase in the coming years. Petrobras is planning construction of an "Ethanol Export Corridor" that will link the sugarcane-producing regions of central and western Brazil to coastal ports by 2010 or 2011. (Photo: Reuters)
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Ethanol and Biofuels (12/13)
U.S. President George W. Bush tours the Petrobras alternative fuel facility with Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in Sao Paulo in March 2007. Foreign consumption of ethanol fuel is expected to increase in the coming years. Petrobras is planning construction of an "Ethanol Export Corridor" that will link the sugarcane-producing regions of central and western Brazil to coastal ports by 2010 or 2011. (Photo: Reuters)
How Brazil Reacts to Climate Change
Flex-Fuel Cars (13/13)
Demand for ethanol is also expected to remain high in Brazil, due largely to the popularity of flex-fuel cars (cars with engines that can run on gasoline, ethanol, or any mixture of both). The Brazilian off-road model Stark 4x4 made by Tac, here on display at the International Automobile Trade Show of Sao Paulo in October 2006, is one such car. It uses a Volkswagen 1.8 Liter flex-fuel engine. Eighty percent of all new automobiles sold in Brazil have a flex-fuel engine. (Photo: Reuters)
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Flex-Fuel Cars (13/13)
Demand for ethanol is also expected to remain high in Brazil, due largely to the popularity of flex-fuel cars (cars with engines that can run on gasoline, ethanol, or any mixture of both). The Brazilian off-road model Stark 4x4 made by Tac, here on display at the International Automobile Trade Show of Sao Paulo in October 2006, is one such car. It uses a Volkswagen 1.8 Liter flex-fuel engine. Eighty percent of all new automobiles sold in Brazil have a flex-fuel engine. (Photo: Reuters)
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